Which type of contraction elongates the muscle while it is under tension?

Eccentric contraction is the type of contraction that elongates the muscle while it is under tension. During an eccentric contraction, the muscle fibers are activated and generate force while they are lengthening. This occurs when a muscle is acting against a resistance that is greater than the force it can generate, leading to a controlled elongation of the muscle.

This type of contraction is common in everyday movements, such as lowering a weight during a bicep curl or descending stairs. It plays a crucial role in activities that involve deceleration or controlling motion, as it helps absorb impact and prevent injury. Additionally, eccentric training can effectively promote muscle strength, hypertrophy, and tendon health.

Understanding the mechanics of eccentric contractions is essential for designing effective exercise programs and improving athletic performance, as they contribute significantly to muscle development and functional movement patterns.